【转】Spring启动异常: cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'beans'

今天把在线聊天室代码改了下, 想启动应用测试. 结果抛出一大堆异常:
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org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 4 in XML document from class path resource [applicationContext.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'beans'.

这就奇怪了.上午都还是好的. 突然说Spring配置文件不对. 根据异常说的: 就是'beans'没有定义. 这可能是命名空间有问题:
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

这定义是MyEclipse自动生成的. 应该不会有错吧.没办法, 只有上百度了. 几个网友也有我类似的问题. 其中一网友答案很是经典: Spring官网出了问题, 命名空间文件不能找到, 当然出问题了. 他的解决办法就是: 等Spring官网好了再试.

最后google了好几次才找到原因 

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       classpath:/org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-2.0.xsd"
             default-lazy-init="true">

需要增加“classpath:/” 


原帖 http://www.jnan.org/archives/2010/12/cannot-find-the-declaration-of-element-beans.html 

引用

Spring配置文件xsi:schemaLocation无法解析导致启动失败的解决方案 

今天向服务器部署一个console java app之后，启动时发现程序出现异常： 
Exception in thread “main” org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 10 in XML document from class path resource [app-config.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element ‘beans’. 
然后去看看app-config.xml里的schema声明部分，是这样写的： 
<beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans” 
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance” 
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context” 
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd” > 
很明显，有关’beans’的声明都放在http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd里面了。可能是网络原因，访问不倒导致解析app-config.xml失败，致使程序抛出异常。 
打开spring-beans-3.0.1.RELEASE.jar一看，那个xsd文件就在org.springframework.beans.factory.xml包下面，这下子好办了，把xsd文件的引用全改为本地的就行了： 
<beans xmlns=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans” 
xmlns:xsi=”http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance” 
xmlns:context=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/context” 
xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
classpath:/org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
classpath:/org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.0.xsd” >